General Information: Alkane Names & Functional Groups

Alkane Names
Primary, Secondary, Tertiary & Quaternary Carbons
Common Functional Groups
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Alkane Names:

Number of carbons (n)	Name	Formula ( CnH2n+2 )
1	methane	CH4
2	ethane	C2H6
3	propane	C3H8
4	butane	C4H10
5	pentane	C5H12
6	hexane	C6H14
7	heptane	C7H16
8	octane	C8H18
9	nonane	C9H20
10	decane	C10H22
11	undecane	C11H24
12	dodecane	C12H26
13	tridecane	C13H28
14	tetradecane	C14H30
15	pentadecane	C15H32
20	eicosane	C20H42
21	heneicosane	C21H44
22	docosane	C22H46
23	tricosane	C23H48
30	triacontane	C30H62
31	hentriacontane	C31H64
32	dotriacontane	C32H66
40	tetracontane	C40H82
50	pentacontane	C50H102
60	hexacontane	C60H122

Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternary Carbons

A Primary Carbon (1') has one substituent on carbon:
A Secondary Carbon (2') has two substituents on carbon:
A Tertiary Carbon (3') has three substituents on carbon:
A Quaternary Carbon has four substituents on carbon:

Common Functional Groups

Name of Functional Group	Structure
Alkane	C-H and C-C Bonds
Alkene (Olefin)
Alkyne (acetylenes)
Arene (Aromatic ring)
Haloakane (Alkyl Halide)	X= halogen , i.e. F, Cl, Br, I
Alcohol
Ether
Aldehyde
Ketone
Carboxylic Acid
Ester
Acid Halide	X= halogen , i.e. F, Cl, Br, I
Anhydride
Amide
Amine