Alkane Names & Functional Groups
Alkane Names
Primary, Secondary, Tertiary & Quaternary Carbons
Common Functional Groups
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Alkane Names:
Number of carbons (n)
Name
1
methane
CH4
2
ethane
C2H6
3
propane
C3H8
4
butane
C4H10
5
pentane
C5H12
6
hexane
C6H14
7
heptane
C7H16
8
octane
C8H18
9
nonane
C9H20
10
decane
C10H22
11
undecane
C11H24
12
dodecane
C12H26
13
tridecane
C13H28
14
tetradecane
C14H30
15
pentadecane
C15H32
20
eicosane
C20H42
21
heneicosane
C21H44
22
docosane
C22H46
23
tricosane
C23H48
30
triacontane
C30H62
31
hentriacontane
C31H64
32
dotriacontane
C32H66
40
tetracontane
C40H82
50
pentacontane
C50H102
60
hexacontane
C60H122
Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternary Carbons
A Primary Carbon (1') has one substituent on carbon
A Secondary Carbon (2') has two substituents on carbon
A Tertiary Carbon (3') has three substituents on carbon
A Quaternary Carbon has four substituents on carbon
Common Functional Groups
Alkane
C-H and C-C Bonds
Alkene (Olefin)
Alkyne (acetylenes)
Arene (Aromatic ring)
e.g.
Haloalkane (Alkyl Halide)
X= halogen , i.e. F, Cl, Br, I
Alcohol
Ether
Aldehyde
Ketone
Carboxylic Acid
Ester
Acid Halide
X= halogen , i.e. F, Cl, Br, I
Anhydride
Amide
Amine
